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Adult Bee Toxicity
92 Oral LD50 in µg/bee
Larval Bee Toxicity
Unknown Oral LD50 in µg/bee
Chemical Group
Tetramic acid
Adult Bee Toxicity
92
Adult Bee Toxicity Group
Low
Larval Bee Toxicity
Unknown
Persistence Half-Life (days)
222
Persistence Rating
High
Relative Index of Systemic Activity
0.83
Registered Uses (USA)

A wide variety of agricultural uses (>100 different crops) including vegetables, tree fruits, grapes, other fruits, tree nuts, beans, potatoes, soybeans, sugar beet, and other crops. Landcape uses include commercial turf; in residential settings only citrus trees are labeled for use. Other uses include nursery uses and non-crop uses.

Use Categories
Agriculture
Nursery
Landscape
Non-crop
Seed Treatment Use
No
Seed Treatment Crops
Further Information

Xylem and phloem-mobile. EPA (2009) indicated that studies conducted on bee colonies at less than the maximum application rate "suggest there is potential for mortality in adults and pupae, massive perturbation of brood development, and early brood termination as a result of spirotetramat use." Spirotetramat together with its two major degradates are much more persistent than any of these alone, with a half-life value in aerobic soil of 222 days (used by EPA in its modeling).

Toxicity Reference(s)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2009. EFED Environmental Risk Assessment for the Proposed Uses of Spirotetremat on the Production of Cotton, Soybean, Legume Vegetables, Tropical Fruit, Pistachio, Okra, and Dried Prunes, Review of Risk to Pollinators and Groundwater Label Requirement Revision. 216 pp.

Systemic Reference(s)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2009. EFED Environmental Risk Assessment for the Proposed Uses of Spirotetremat on the Production of Cotton, Soybean, Legume Vegetables, Tropical Fruit, Pistachio, Okra, and Dried Prunes, Review of Risk to Pollinators and Groundwater Label Requirement Revision. 216 pp.

Persistence Reference(s)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2009. EFED Environmental Risk Assessment for the Proposed Uses of Spirotetremat on the Production of Cotton, Soybean, Legume Vegetables, Tropical Fruit, Pistachio, Okra, and Dried Prunes, Review of Risk to Pollinators and Groundwater Label Requirement Revision. 216 pp.